Personal Justice and Homicide in Scott’s Ivanhoe: :: Scott Ivanhoe Psychology papers

Personal Justice and Homicide in Scotts IvanhoeAbstract Scotts Ivanhoe reveals a conflict amidst our intrinsic concept of justice as personal justice and the impersonal justice which is imposed on us by the modern nation-state. This conflict causes the split between the proper hero, who affirms the order of impersonal justice, and the dark hero, who acts according to personal justice, in Scotts work.In Evolution and Literary Theory, Joseph Carroll provides a paradigm for the integration of literary disapproval with evolutionary psychology. First, he argues that literary critics should learn to realise and respect the evidence for the basic contention of evolutionary psychology, namely, that the human mind is not a blank slate which receives all of its content from an external culture, but that human cognition and the culture that is establish on it are highly constrained by innate psychological mechanisms, which evolved in the environment in which humans spent most of their evo lutionary history, the hunting-gathering bands of Pleistocene Africa. Humans evolved a rich array of vary mental mechanisms for dealing with this environment, including mechanisms for determining mate value (see Buss), for protecting kin (see Daly and Wilson, 17-121), for social exchange (see Cosmides and Tooby 1992) and more others. These psychological mechanisms collectively form the human spirit which underlies the production and consumption of literary texts. However, the scope of an evolutionarily informed literary analysis is not limited to simply finding these human universals in literary texts. Rather, many of these psychological mechanisms are open programs which permit of a wide range of heathenish and individual variation (Carroll 152). Carroll identifies the three levels at which a literary criticism informed by evolutionary psychology should work human nature, cultural order, and individual identity (150). While human nature constrains all cultural production s, cultural forms are themselves the product of a complex interaction among various innate dispositions and between innate dispositions and variable environmental conditions (152). Evolutionary psychology enables us to understand not only literary universals, but also the complex and often conflicting relationship between human nature, culture, and the individual.In their book Homicide, evolutionary psychologists Margo Wilson and Martin Daly locate one such conflict between human nature and the contemporary cultural order. They argue that humans have an innate concept of justice which is based on the idea of personal revenge. According to this concept of justice, it is legitimate and even praise-worthy for people to whom a wrong has been done to avenge the wrong-doing themselves.

The Free Will/Determinism Paradox Essay -- Free will Decisions Determi

The Free Will/Determinism ParadoxMost of us human being, I would guess, prefer to turn over we select submit will. That is, we prefer to think we are able to make choices or decisions based upon our own unique volitions. Such thought appeals to our vanities. If we make good choices and decisions, our self-esteem is elevated, and this gives us pleasure. On the former(a) hand, most of our knowledge leads us in the direction of believing the universes functions are deterministic. That is, our knowledge tells us that choice is not necessary to our comment of the universe. Events occur as a subject of the facts which preceeded them. For example, if we strike the cue-ball properly, the 8-ball will be knocked into the billiard table pocket which we intended. We have developed a paradox in our thinking. How can we have free will and the remainder of the universe be deterministic? Our attempts at resolution have been primarily religion oriented. This resolution presumes that we humans are special within the universe. The devine creator gave us free will. Simple as that The downside of such resolution is that it is not based upon knowledge. It is faith. We might argue that it is an a priori principle. However, this position is tenuous since none of our observation or data support this principle. The logical resolution is to postulate that we do not possess free will. Rather, we have the impression of free will because we do not know all the factors and events which determine our choices or decisions. Therefore, in the presence of inadequate knowledge, we have an illusion of free will, but with more knowledge we would be able to see the determinism in our actions. Another attempt at resolution of the free will/determinism paradox has evolved from the internalisation of probability theory into modern physics. Probability theory is based upon the concept that outcomes of events can be confined within a set of possible outcomes. Further, penetrating the characterist ics of the set of possible outcomes allows us to make predictions as to what the most probable outcomes will be. Thus, modern physical theories may be thought of as a blend of free will with determinism. A specific event outcome is not determined, but the outcome of many such events (the set of possible outcomes) is determined. For example, we cannot offer when a specific radioactive molecule will decay, but w... ...ity is analogous to defining the characteristics of randomness even though true randomness does not embody. So what are some of the characteristics of free will? I believe the head characteristic of free will is that whatever choices or decisions we make, these choices or decisions should be low-level upon the character or state of our individual being. That is, I make choices or decisions based upon who I am. My choices or decisions are not random, nor are they the direct result of someone elses being. This is achieved in a determined universe, not an undetermined u niverse. In a determined universe, I am the product of all events which I or my ancestors have experienced. I am a unique being and my choices or decisions are the result of who I am Thus, I have the principal characteristic of free will even though the universe is determined.In conclusion, the real paradox of free will/determinism is that free will can exist only in a determined universe. In order to exercise our free will, our actions must have the potential to effect the outcome of events. Our actions cannot effect an event outcome unless there is a cause-effect relationship. Cause-effect is determinism.

The Yellow Wallpaper, by Charlotte Perkins Gilman :: essays research papers

In Charlotte Perkins Gilmans The Yellow Wallpaper, the wallpaper is a symbol which represents the narrators personality. Since the initial description of the rented mansion, eeriness is present throughout the story. appease I will proudly declare that there is something queer roughly it. Else, why should it be let so cheaply? And why have stood so long untenanted? (paragraph 3). These questions, posed by the mentally ill narrator, imply a strangeness regarding the mansion. The narrators initial description of the wallpaper claims, The blusher and paper look as if a boys school had used it. It is stripped offthe paperin great patches all around the head of my bed, about as far as I can reach, and in a great place on the other side of the room low down. I never saw a worse paper in my life. One of those sprawling, flamboyant patterns committing every artistic sin. (paragraph 32). This is an unusual description for wallpaper in a mansion. The fact that it is stripped off in grea t patches suggests an uneven and unbalanced appearance or personality. The narrator continues, It is dull enough to confuse the eye in following, pronounced enough constantly to irritate and provoke study, and when you follow the lame uncertain curves for a little distance they suddenly commit suicide fall off at outrageous angles, destroy themselves in unheard-of contradictions. (paragraph 33). Here, she describes herself through the eyes of John and her brother, both practical, logical physicians. The narrator believes that people see her as she sees the wallpaper, which, in turn, is how she sees herself. In paragraph 78 she states, I can see a strange, provoking formless sort of figure that seems to skulk about fucking that silly and conspicuous front design. This is initial evidence of the narrator beginning to use the wallpaper as a way to see herself. The wallpaper in any case serves as a distraction to the narrator, who often spends hours analyzing its distinct features. It is as good as gymnastics, I assure you. I start, well say, at the bottom, down in the ecological niche over there where it has not been touched, and I determine for the thousandth time that I will follow that pointless pattern to some sort of a conclusion. (paragraph 93). In addition to a visual description of the wallpaper, this information is the narrators means of analyzing her personality.

power and politics Essay -- essays research papers

Politics and Power PaperIt is not to the highest degree what you do, it is about who you atomic number 18 and who you know. As employees, we have all heard sayings like this before when it comes to the business area. The power and politic mind driven is a direct end point of the type of tug of war experienced for millions of years from prehistoric times through modern day. Ever since Ugha smashed Mugha in the head with a rescript back in prehistoric times, political sympathies have been around in the workplace. Politics are a subliminal fight for survival and it actually happens in own(prenominal) lives as much as it does in our work lives. Politics posterior go hand in hand with power, just as wickedness follows the day. Many of the governmental situations that occur within a corporation are a result of growth and change. However, part of the task of becoming a practicable asset to a corporation is to look beyond the surface and find out where the company is heading as a result of these changes. In this way, employees can position themselves to be a positive part of the growth and change. Power and politics go hand in hand in the business world today. The likelihood of gaining power often depends on the ability to read and understand politics. Once power is gained, leaders tend to utilize politics to reach yearn term goals and visions. Pending on the style of leadership, personal agendas may come into play. While personal agendas are not always a bad thing, they are generally set forth with limited perspective and can potentially result in catastrophe. Because personal agendas restrict the flow of communication and constructive criticism, personal agendas are a major contributor to the negative aspects of power. However, there is far more to be gained than lost with regard to power. Power provides a solid building and a clear expectation. Since people strive to please, measurable guidelines offer a foundation for success. When power is used effect ively, appropriate politics can be set into place to obtain a desired outcome.Politics are meant to go unnoticed and usually lie beneath the surface. Recognizing politics is half the battle in learning to handle and deal with them. Once politics are recognized there is an opportunity to benefit personally and collectively. Politics can promote the Ill scratch youre back if you scratch mi... ... has built its reputation on. (Schermerhorn, John R., Hunt, James G., Osborn, Richard N. Organizational Behavior, pgs 1-31).What can you do to thrive in a political environment? Theres no magic formula, but common sense, fair play and sound judgment are good starting points. counterfeit hard absolutely. But instead of keeping your head down, keep your antenna up. Instead of keeping your nose clean and not getting involved in any of the politics, use it to sniff out information and opportunities. Instead of seeing power and politics as dirty words, put them to good use for yourself and others . wholeness thing is for sure, power and politics will always survive in the business world, and it is imperative that we as employees find a way to use them to our advantage, because if we do not someone else will. As it is pointed out in one article, the great philosopher Plato once said Those who are too smart to engage in politics are punished by being governed by those who are dumber (Martinez, 2000).ReferencesMartinez, M. N. (2000). Politics Come With The Office. Information retrieved onAugust 27, 2005 from www.graduatingengineer.com

Essay --

Brick DimensionsThe size of a standard brick is 76 mm high x 230 mm long x 110 mm wide. Some bricks are made with different sizes. 50 mm and 90 mm high bricks, 90 mm wide bricks & 290 mm long bricks are manufactured for different structural and aesthetic effect. Larger bricks are often used for more economical set and as design feature either on their own or combined with smaller bricks.In India, the size of brick is 228 107 69 mm.Larger Hollow bricks (140 mm w x 90 mm h x 290 mm l) are generally used in cyclonic area to ensure reinforcement and grouting in the wall. Wider (150 mm wide) bricks are used in walls requiring lower sound transmission, greater fire resistance levels & higher load bearing capacity depending on the specific brick properties. Circular Cavities are made in bricks. Its benefits are that they aid in firing process, reduce weight for handling, provide better bond for mortar. remains brick sizes may vary after they are fired but size variation between units av erages out when blended properly during laying. In most cases, the length of a brick is about double its width, about eight inches or slightly more so as to ensure proper strength.Brick StrengthIt is defined as the resistance to load per unit area. The strength of brick is determined by the capability of a construction material doesnt collapse or fall fine-tune under the influence of external forces leading to internal stresses.Engineering bricks have average compressive strength of 59MPa. A common house brick is likely to show a range of 2040MPa.Strength for adobe specimenmean compressive strength 1.195Mpa, mean modulus of elasticity 204.5MPa, Mean strain at peak strength 11%, Mean Tensile Strength 0.17MPaStrength of EMR autoclaved bric... ... thermal transmittance can be minimized by1.A unemployeding thermal bridges in the brick, and arranging void perforation in quincunx2.Extending the perforations of void in tongue and grooved area (Tongue and groove is a method of fitting si milar objects together) and thereby breaking the thermal bridge.3.Providing a small gap in the assembly, to improve the bricks conductivity.DrawbacksThe manufacturing of brick emits lots of fluorine which is very toxic in nature.It also produces electrolytic manganese residue (EMR) which is hazardous to nature. Eco-friendly elanOne of the research focuses on utility of Expanded polystyrene as a mixture with cement, sand and water and preparing the concrete brick. Which has the average compressive strength of 12.79MPa. te kindred of density and compressive strength is given by correlation fc = 2.43 x 2.997 x 10-9.

Comparative Essay: The Frog Prince Vs The Princess and The Frog

Produced in 2009, The salientian Princess is a Disney animation inspired by the Grimm Brothers fairytale, The Frog Prince. Both The Frog Princess and The Frog Prince deal with a multiplicity of issues, all of which contribute to supporting positive messages and morals (Ceaser, 2009). However, though The Frog Princess is based on a classic fairytale, it is far from being the same. The writers at Disney have taken a classic fairytale and created a Monster (Prince, 2001). This essay will try on the evolution of the original Grimm Brothers fairytale, the messages both main characters represent, and how the adaptation to fit a modern child readership diminishes a classic fairytale. Through discussing these arguments, this paper will upgrade that Disneys adaptation into The Princess and The Frog is counter-productive in representing the original storys messages, morals, and values. Fairytales express the creative fantasies of the rural and less educated layers of common man (Cuban , 1984). They are characteristically full of magic, often involving upper class characters (Cuban, 1984). In short, Fairytales are organically grown with the creative material of a collective group. The Grimm Brothers fairytale, The Frog Prince, is no exception. The Grimm Brothers fairytale is about a handsome prince trapped in the repulsive body of a frog, but who nevertheless overcomes and transcends this bewitched verbalise through his wit, perseverance, and magic (Prince, 2009). Until the seventeenth century, it was the adult population that was interested in fairytales (Cuban, 2009). Their allocation to the nursery was a late development (Cuban, 2009). This allocation can be credited to the rejection of the irrational, and development of the ra... ...ntersection of Race and Pop Culture. 13 May 2009. Web. 04 Nov. 2011. .7.Alexandrova, Marina. Disney and The American Princess The Americanization of European Fairy Tales. America The current Society (2010) 1-77. Print.8. Tartar, Maria. The Classic Fairy Tales. New York Norton &, 1999. Print.9.Ebert, Roger. The Princess and the Frog. Chicago Sun-Times Chicago 9 Dec. 2009 1-3. Print.10.Stone, Kay. Things Walt Disney Never Told Us. The daybook of American Folklore (1975). Print.11.Barnes, Brooks. Her Prince Has Come. Critics Too. New York Times New York 29 May 2009 1+. Print.12.Lester, Neal A. Disneys The Princess and the Frog The Pride, the Pressure, and the Politics of Being a First. The Journal of American Culture (2010). Print.

Monopoly versus perfect markets Essay

This paper investigates the cardinal extremes of market structures. A monopoly fast, and a firm which operates in a perfectively competitive market. We allow comp ar features, similarities, differences, advantages and disadvantages. The monopoly firm I eat up chosen is Thames pissing. This company is an accurate example, as its the sole provider of the industry. The firm, is the industry. Thames Water add up pissing through peoples taps in and virtually London. Fyffe is my chosen firm in a perfectly competitive market. I think this is a good example. It sells bananas to top- nonchmarkets and food supp duplicityrs, who resell on to customers.The next two paragraphs explain the features of perfect emulation, and then a monopoly. The guess of perfect contender illustrates an extreme form of capitalism. (Sloman, 2007113) There ar many suppliers, who all only do and produce a small fraction of the total produce, of the whole industry. None of the firms have any forefin ger over the market. (Mankiw, 2001) Barriers to entry do not exist. therefore firms arse enter and leave the market freely. Apart from the money and time it takes to set up the business, there are no other obstacles.Both producers and consumers have perfect knowledge of the market. Therefore they both know prices which should be paid, quality which should be met, availability of the product. Market opportunities for expansion, and entry opportunities in the industry as a whole. The price Fyffe must bourgeon for their bananas lead depend upon the contain and supply of the whole market, not just Fyffe personal postulate. Hence they have no power over prices. They must follow the market forces. (Sloman, 2007)Established firms in the banana industry have no advantage over firms who have newly entered the market.(Parkin, Powell, Matthews)This means they bottomland sell all the products they can produce at the market price, but none at a price which is higher. (Sloman, 2007114) If Fyffe raise their selling price in a higher place p1, their demand will drop to 0, because if Fyffe raise the price of their bananas, consumers will just buy from another firm selling at the current market price. Illustrated in diagram 2. (Beardshaw, 2001) All firms operating in the banana industry sell a homogenous product, all the firms in the industry sell an identical banana. The theory states there is not a great pauperization for advertising or branding.(McConnell, 2008) I would agree with this statement in the context of bananas. Advertising is not infallible as people will not look for a specific brand of banana. They all taste the same. However I think a firm in a market selling shampoos and conditioners would need a certain amount of branding and advertising so people choose their product and take up customer loyalty. In the shampoo industry products are not as homogenous. A pure monopoly owns 100% of the industry. Thames water have a great circulate of power, and a re price do workrs, thus they set the price to how much they want to charge.If the consumer cannot, or doesnt want to pay the price, they have to go without the tap water. In the ill-considered course both perfect competition and monopolies can make economic wage, losses and supernormal profits. Only monopolies can manage to sustain super normal profits in the long run. Persistant economic profits are called monopoly profits. (Dobson, 200599) Monopolies can sustain supernormal profits and remain safe and unaffected by competition due(p) to barriers to entry. Supply to the industry does not increase with new entrants. (Hunt, 1990). There are many types of barriers to entry.Thames water is cognise as a inhering monopoly, meaning there are barriers to entry due to large economies of scale. (Sloman, 2007) Capital equipment is so expensive and large scale that only one sole supplier could manage to make a profit in the water industry. However Thames Water incurred low borderline exists once they are set up. If modal(a) cost falls as output increases over the entire range of market demand its a graphic monopoly. (Dobson, 2006100) Each would have a very high norm cost at a low output. (Begg, 2005134) Correspondingly Thames Water gain barriers to entry through lower costs.This is an artificial barrier. The firm is experient in their field. Has good knowledge of their market, and will be able to gain the best rates of interest on finance, the best suppliers at the lowest costs, and rock methods of production. Other firms would struggle to compete. If a firm decided to set up and compete with Thames Water, and failed by going out of business there would be broad sunk costs. This occurs when high amounts are spent on capital expenditure, which cannot be used on another business venture. (Sloman, 2007) This is an example of exit costs.It would be a huge loss to the firm, and would discourage firms from entering the market. Thames water also have patents copywrite and licensing. The next two paragraphs explain the effect on demand for perfect competition, then a monopoly. For Fyffe the price charged for the bananas is equal to marginal taxation. Average gross and demand are also equal to price. If average cost dips below average revenue the firm will earn supernormal profits. If demand is above where marginal costs and marginal revenue meet the firms will be devising normal profit. See diagram 2.Normal profits cover opportunity costs of the owners money and time. If Fyffe set output below vestibular sense marginal cost would exceed marginal revenue and profit would be take down. If Fyffe raised output above equilibrium marginal costs would exceed marginal revenue and profits would also be lowered. See graph 1. (Dobson, 200599) The demand prune is elastic for the banana industry, but not perfectly elastic. Hence why it slopes downwards in diagram 1. If there is a rise in price for bananas, consumers will spend less on the produc t, and Fyffe will entail a fall in revenue.In contrast if the price of bananas drop, consumers will buy more of the product, and providing the firm is covering their costs they will receive an increase in revenue, because bananas can be relatively easily substituted by another cheaper fruit. Furthermore bananas will sell for a cheaper price when they are in season, due to a larger supply to the market in this period. Fyffe is perfectly elastic which is why their demand curve ball is horizontal. See graph 2. The firms prices are not affected by their output and their decisions do not affect the industry.(Ison, 2007) Firms must produce at equilibrium to maximise profits, which is where the market supply, meets the market demand, as illustrated in diagram 1. Short run assumes the compute of firms in the industry does not increase, as there is not enough time. (Sloman 2007114) When a firm produces quantity and price, where marginal costs, and average costs meet they are breaking even . See diagram 2. (Begg, 2005) Consumers are charged a price which is equal to what it costs the firm to produce the extra unit. See diagram 2.If the demand curve for bananas increases short term, the demand curve will shift to the proper(a). See diagram 3. This results in a higher equilibrium and a higher selling price. As selling price has increased farmers will raise their output by increasing their variable costs such as labour and materials. This will result in a larger profit and profits are maximised. As illustrated in diagram 4. In contrast if the demand for bananas was to decrease, this would cause a shift to the left in the demand curve. See diagram 5. This results in a lower equilibrium for the industry, and a fall in the selling price. accordingly all firms in the industry including Fyffe would reduce output, by decreasing variable situationors and the firm would suffer economic losses. As illustrated in diagram 6. (Dobson, 2005) If Fyffe or Thames Water are not coverin g their average total costs in the short run, they should carry on trading, but if they are not covering their short run average variable costs, it would be cheaper to temporarily close down. The theory is known as the short run supply decision. (Ison, 2007) In the long run any firm should close down if it is not covering its total average costs as it is loss making.Called the long run supply decision. (Begg, 2003) When demand increases and selling prices rise in the long term, existing firms are making supernormal profits. Several new firms will enter the market. The supply curve will shift to the right, and supply will increase, which will lower market price. As more new industries join firms reduce their output until they are making a normal profit again. Output of the whole industry will be larger now that more firms are in the market, and there is no inducing for firms to enter, or leave the market as breakeven profits are being made.Referred to as the entry or exit price. Whe n there is a decrease in demand, prices will fall, and firms will reduce output to minimise losses. Eventually due to losses some firms will leave the market which lessens supply and the supply curve will shift to the left. This raises prices due to qualified output, and farmers will start to make normal profits again. So there are less firms and less output in the industry. (Dobson, 2005) In the long run there are no fixed costs in any industry, as firms can change their pose size or machinery. Resulting in a long run supply curve which is flatter than the short run.(Begg, 2003) If all firms operating in the industry restricted supply together increasing demand and prices, new firms would enter the market which would increase supply and lower prices. (Begg, 2005) Thames water are price inelastic, and have a low income elasticity of demand, because there are no close substitutes for their product, and water is a essential item. However they are not perfectly inelastic, as a rise in price will still amount to a small drop in quantity demanded. This means Thames waters revenue will increase with a rise in price, and decrease with a fall in price.A profit maximising level of output is where marginal revenue is equal to marginal cost but rising up to the demand curve to obtain price. See diagram 9 (Sloman, 2007) The demand curve in diagram 9 represents the value of Thames water to customers, and the marginal curve certifys the costs Thames water must pay. The marginal revenue curve must lie below the downward sloping demand curve as marginal revenue is less than price. The further the distance between the demand curve on the right hand side and the marginal revenue on the left the more inelastic the demand, see diagram 9.(Dobson, 2005) ) A firm cannot produce to the right of marginal revenue as this part of the diagram is inelastic. In order for the monopolist to sell a larger amount, the price must be lowered on all previous units, so to prevent this the monopo list may restrict output to keep a larger revenue. Creating scarcity and raising the equilibrium price. (Begg, 2005) The excess of price over marginal costs shows the monopolies power (Dobson, 2005102) The power to raise prices by selling a smaller amount of output. Diagrams 8, 9, and 10 show long run economic profits, normal profits and losses.Thames water will then check weather the profit maximising level of output covers their total costs in the long run and variable costs in the short run. (Begg, 2003) Thames water is not a contestable market due to the fact its a natural monopoly, and has very high barriers to entry. This means they can charge high prices and make supernormal profits, without the threat of competition and new entrants. (Sloman, 2007) Thames water may want to behave ethically when setting prices. If they choose too high a price which people cannot afford this could lead to poverty, but if they charge too low a price this could lead to a wastage of water.Monopol ies often use price discrimination when setting prices. Although Thames water do not. Perfect competition cannot use this method. Particular consumers are charged a higher price for an identical service so the monopoly can earn higher profits. (Ison, 2007) Revenue is not lost from previously sold units when price is reduced. More output can be sold ands firms can catch some of their consumer surpluses. See diagram 12. Surpluses are the difference between actual price paid and what consumers will have been willing to pay. So the business is treating the demand curve as the marginal revenue curve (Ison, 2007138) Only works when consumers cannot buy the product for a cheaper price and sell on to others. (Begg, 2005) A firm operating in perfect competition will achieve allocative ability. This exists when price is equal to marginal costs. Society is crack off when resources are allocated to maximise the total surplus in the market. (Dobson, 200591) Productive force will also be ach ieved, meaning Fyffe will produce and sell their output for the lowest price they can in the long run handsome consumers the best possible value for money.Price equals minimum average total cost. (Dobson, 200592) This is good for consumers and society as consumers get the best possible value for money. (Sloman, 2007) short competitive markets are critised for having a lack of variety, unable to fully satisfy consumers wants and needs. Furthermore the long term entry and exit of firms can be a waste of certain resources such as empty buildings. This is called competitive forces in action. (Dobson, 2005) Monopolys are in a position to give us a lower price if they decide to, due to economies of scale.The marginal cost curve is lower than the supply curve in their graph which means the firm can supply more output at a lower production cost. Supernormal profits can fund research and development which will better the quality of the product. Therefore the monopoly can innovate and intr oduce new products. (Ison, 2007) However some firms may not do this as they do not need to fight to stay in the industry, with no competition around. (Mankiw, 2001) Joseph Schumpeter said in theory monopolies have more ability and incentive to innovate which can make them better for society.If you imagine a whole industry was taken over by a monopolist, they could eliminate competition and charge very high prices, by reducing output level to which raises price. Supernormal profits represent a redistribution of income from consumer to producer which can be critised on equity grounds (Ison, 2007137) Monopoly firms have been known to engage in dirty tricks to protect themselves from competition. They do not produce an output which minimises average costs. Making them productively efficient. Perfect competition is rare due to larger companies expanding, gaining economies of scale and market power.Resulting in other firms being forced of the business. So if economies of scale did not ex ist any industry could have perfect competition. (Dobson, 200694) Monopolies are also rare, and both are extremes of market structures. Most firms lie somewhere between the two. I think the two firms I picked are a fair comparism. They are both from a mixed economy. Thames water will have regulating agencies monitoring them. There are only 3 sub judice monopolies in Britain Thames Water included. In the past there was a significant amount of monopolies which were government owned.When Margaret Thatcher came into power she privitised these firms as she believed competition would lead to greater efficiency and lower prices which would benefit society as a whole. I agree with her decision and I think after researching, perfect competition appears to be the better option for consumers. Monopolys benefit society in certain situations such as retained profits ploughed back into research and development for medical reasons, and natural monopolies who could not survive in a perfectly comp etitive industry. Monoplies and perfect competition are becoming more rare as time goes on and who knows what will happen in the future.

Immanuel Kant and American Psychological Association Essay

For this paper, I will explore the ethical issues in Psychology, more specifically the violation of basic gracious decents in the fount of the Stanford prison house Experiment. The following questions will be addressed Was the Stanford Prison Experiment worth the consequences it had on the participants? Was it virtuously right to put the participants in these conditions without their full consent? I will initiative begin by discussing the try and then explain how it was conducted. I will in addition briefly explain the American Psychological Association guidelines relevant to this example using three of their APA codes beneficence, autonomy and umpire.Then, I will discuss two distinguish theories, the first will be the theory of utilitarianism and if the consequences of the experiment disengage the means in this experiment it seems that the findings justify the actions that took place. The second theory will focus on the Kantian morality, more specifically the Categorical Imperative 2 where the experiment will be categorized as morally justified or morally unjustified it seems that using the Categorical Imperative 2 wanton aways the experiment morally unjustified.Finally, I will present my point of view on the ethics of this experiment, which is derived from some(prenominal) theories such that I believe that the findings of the experiment can morally justify the actions that Zimbardo permitted the prison experiment. First of all, what are adult male rights? As stated by Murthy (2010) human rights are a nonher basis for making ethical judgments. The most basic human rights are to have claims or entitlements that enable a person to survive, to shape free choices, to realize ones potential as a human being (a right means that a person or a group is entitled to do something or entitled to be treated in a certain way). The Stanford Prison Experiment was a violation of human rights because the prisoners rights were revoked. The Stanford Prison experime nt took place in 1971 by Professor Philip Zimbardo. This experiment was held at Stanford University. The aim of this study was to investigate how readily volume would conform to the roles of support and prisoner in a role-playing exercise that simulated prison life (McLeod, 2008). The men that were chosen to do this experiment went through a series of tests. Zimbardo chose 24 participants that were randomly assigned to the role of guard or prisoner.This experiment would last two weeks and each man would be paid 15$ a day. The guards were the first to have a meeting and were told to keep order in the prison. They were also given uniforms and mirror-reflective sunglasses. The prisoners were, on the other hand, arrested without notice at their home were strip-searched without consent. They were to wear sinlessness robes and had a chain to their ankle. Within a very(prenominal) short period of time the participants started to settle into their roles. The guards quickly became more authoritative and also sadistic, they started to harass the prisoners and became very violent.They were enjoying their role of power. The prisoners became more submissive. After thirty-six hours, one prisoner had to leave the institution because he started to have uncontrollable bursts of screaming, crying and anger his thinking became disorganised and he appeared to be entering in the early stages of deep depression (McLeod, 2008). Following this episode, more and more prisoners started to show signs of depression. The experiment that was supposed to last 14 days ended after six. The American Psychological Association is the largest organization representing psychology in the United States and Canada (APA, 2013).The mission of these psychologists is to advance the creation, communication and application of psychological knowledge to benefit society and improve peoples lives (APA, 2013). The APA has a set of five major guidelines in their ethics code, which are beneficence, fide lity and responsibility, integrity, justice and respect for peoples rights and lordliness (autonomy). In the case of the Stanford Prison Experiment, some of the principles such as beneficence, justice and autonomy were not put into effect. almsgiving means to maximize benefits and minimize harm (Shaugnessy et al. , 2006 quoted by Xavier, 2013). Zimbardo did not try to minimize harm because although the prisoners were humiliated, in distress and experiencing psychological stress, it took six days for the experiment to shut down. Justice means fairness in receiving the benefits of research in addition to accepting the risks (Shaugnessy et al. , 2006 quoted by Xavier, 2013). Here justice was not respected because the participants did not consent to the full experiment.They werent properly informed about what really was going to take place in the prison and therefore did not make a decision on the entirety of the facts. Autonomy (or respect for peoples rights and dignity) implying re spect for individuals was not present (Shaugnessy et al. , 2006 quoted by Xavier, 2013). Peoples rights and dignity were not taken into account. The dehumanizing process began at the beginning of the experiment, when prisoners were instructed to strip naked and accelerated from then on. If this experiment were to be done in todays society, it would be turned down.If modern guidelines were followed, the Stanford Prison Experiment would never have been allowed to take place as it would constitute a serious branch of ethics in accordance to the guidelines of the American Psychological Association, not least because of the fact Zimbardo and his fellow researchers failed to respect the rights of their participants by failing to tell them exactly what they were getting themselves in too (Burgemeester, 2011). From a Kantian point of view, can we morally justify the actions by Dr. Zimbardo in the Stanford prison experiment?The answer to this question is in Kants Categorical Imperative. Kan ts second Categorical Imperative states that So act that you use humanity, whether in your own person or in the person of whatever other, always at the same time as an end, never means which in basic terms means dont use people. It is important to remember that Kant believed that human beings have a special dignity because of their rational nature and that therefore humans deserve a special large-minded of respect (Van Der Wee, 2013). When taking the example of the Stanford prison experiment, many of the participants human rights were not respected.First of all, the prisoners were arrested at their homes, without notice. They were brought to a police station where they had their fingerprints and photographs taken. They were then blindfolded and driven to the Stanford prison where they were stripped naked and then put in a cell. This is a perfect representation of how the prisoners were striped of their rights. They had not in anyway consented to this Participants were deceived an example would be that their consent forms were not complete and did not properly address all that would take place (Shaugnessy et al., 2006 quoted by Xavier, 2013). After a day in the prison, the participants already started to take their roles more seriously.The prisoners were more submissive and the guards were more aggressive It was not long before the situation rapidly worsened as the way of the prison guards became increasingly sadistic and more prisoners succumbed to psychological stress (Burgemeester, 2011). Prisoners wanted to leave the experiment but werent allowed to Several of his participants requested withdrawal numerous times, but he discouraged this and almost forced them to carry on (Zuczka, 2012). Although the experiment was supposed to last fourteen days, it was stopped after six. Many researchers curiosity why it was not stopped after the first time a prisoner was beaten. References Alkadry, M. G. , & Witt, M. T. (2009). Abu Ghraib and the Normalization of To rture and Hate. Public Integrity, 11(2), 135-153. American Psychologists Association. (n. d. ). Ethical Principles of Psychologists and Code of Conduct. American Psychological Association (APA). Retrieved April 29, 2013, from http//www. apa. org/ethics/code/index. aspx? item=3 Burgemeester, A. (2011, June 21).What are the Zimbardo Prison Experiment Ethical Issues? What is Psychology?. What is Psychology? . Retrieved May 1, 2013, from http//whatispsychology. net/what-are-the-zimbardo-prison-experiment-ethical-issues/ Cherry, K. (n. d. ). The Stanford Prison Experiment Overview of the Stanford Prison Experiment. Psychology Complete Guide to Psychology for Students, Educators & Enthusiasts. Retrieved May 1, 2013, from http//psychology. about. com/od/classicpsychologystudies/a/stanford-prison-experiment. htm Dreifus, C. (2007, April 3). Finding Hope in Knowing the Universal message for Evil.The New York Times, p. 1. Retrieved April 23, 2013, from http//www. nytimes. com/2007/04/03/s cience/ McLeod, S. (2008, January 1). Zimbardo Stanford Prison Experiment. Simply Psychology Articles for Students. Retrieved April 29, 2013, from http//www. simplypsychology. org/zimbardo. html Murthy, C. S. (2010). Chapter 3 Normative Ethics in Management. Business ethics (Fully rev. ed. , pp. 74-79). Mumbai India Himalaya Pub. Book. Retrieved April 29, 2013, from http//dc153. dawsoncollege. qc. ca2440/lib/dawsoncoll/docDetail. action? docID=10415475&p00= assembly line+ethics.Van Der Wee (Winter 2013) In Class Notes & PowerPoint Xavier, R. (2008, January 5). The Stanford Prison Experiment Exploring the Ethical Issues. Yahoo. Retrieved April 25, 2013, from voices. yahoo. com/the-stanford-prison-experiment-exploring-ethical-563843. html? cat=37 Zuczka. (2012, February 5). Zimbardos prison experiment do the ends justify the means of the ethical implications? Psycho4Stats. Psycho4Stats Because we all love Psychology Statistics. Retrieved May 1, 2013, from http//zuczka. wordpress. com/2012/02/05/zimbardos-prison-experiment-do-the-ends-justify-the-means-of-the-ethical-implications/.

Anti Legalization Critical Thinking Essay

The aim of this paper is to logically apply reason to assess the arguments for the efficaciousization of plentynabis, and by doing so order out flaws in these arguments. Furthermore, this paper ordain assess the credibility and the source of these arguments, and present counter arguments to conclude that ganja should not be a legal drug in California and the rest of the United States. First I leave behind consider The National Organizations for the Reform of Marijuana Laws Principles of trusty Marijuana Use which is the basis for their argument for the legalization of ganja, and how this notice of principles is flawed.Second I will consider the take away that marijuana should be legal in a tax incomeed and regulated manner and besides consider the source of this claim. Third I will emphasize the negative social effects of legalization of marijuana in order to counter the claims for legalization. Finally I will conclude that given these factors, legalization of marijuana would be harmful and prejudicial to society as a whole, possessing little or no economic, social, or aesculapian benefits.The National Organization for the Reform of Marijuana Law is the leading lobbyist group for the legalization of marijuana in the United States. This organization has made it their commitment to have marijuana legalized in a taxable way as tobacco and alcohol currently are. This organization rationalizes its arguments with a document called the Principles of Responsible Marijuana Use in which is attempts to justify marijuana reform in a socially current manner. The precise title of the document is ambiguous, the word prudent is a very circumstantial term and is subject to m any different interpretations.Furthermore the document assumes that if legalized, citizens will adhere to this unofficial code of ethics, nevertheless we can evidently get a line with alcohol and tobacco that there is ab handling regardless of the regulating laws. condescension this, NORML attempts to lay out their interpretation for what responsible marijuana uptake is ( 4 ) their first point is that marijuana is to be for adults scarcely, and that it is irresponsible to provide marijuana to children. The terms adults and children again are ambiguous, it is not clear where the line is drawn between what defines an adult or a child.This is a concern because many would assume a child is no longer a child after eighteen years of age, thus it can be determined that eighteen and over is considered a responsible user. It need not be said that current alcohol restrictions limit a user to twenty-one and over.According to a 2005 Monitoring the prospective Study, three-fourths of 12th graders, more than two-thirds of 10th graders, and about two in every five 8th graders have consumed alcohol( 5 ), with this evidence it would be wishful thinking to assume marijuana would be any different. To further consider this point 6.8% of children ages 12 to 17 use marijuana on a n passing(a) basis ( 5 ). It would be reasonable to conclude that if marijuana was legalized that number would growing drastically.Second the NORMLs Principles of Responsible Marijuana Use attempts to rationalize legal marijuana use by claiming that if legalized responsible users will refrain from driving ( 4 ). Although an illegal drug, it is not surprising that there are already statistics regarding marijuana impaired driving in many states. California who just recently had a proposition for the legalization of marijuana has some of the most relevant statistics there are various counties in California that have a 16% or higher marijuana involved traffic fatalities ( 3 ). This number would only increase with the legalization, and that is not to include the the amount of non fatal accidents that would occur annually. A recent study by Alfred Crancer and Alan Crancer projected that traffic fatalities would increase by as much as 300% with legalization ( 3 ).Third NORML claims that The responsible cannabis user will carefully consider his/her set and setting, regulating use accordingly. In this claim there is much room for a line-drawing fallacy, in which it is difficult and conveniently vague and up to the individual to determine what set and setting is actually appropriate for usage. It could be assumed under this principle that its safe to use marijuana while caring for children, elderly, while driving, and also very relevantly while working. Forth NORML claims that a responsible marijuana user will resist abuse. They define abuse by Abuse office harm. Some cannabis use is harmful most is not. That which is harmful should be discouraged that which is not need not be.A clever statement however in sound and illogical. Drug abuse is defined as an uncontrollable urge for constant seeking of intoxicants ( 2 ). Many users would be unaware of their abuse, until the point in which it has destroyed their livelihood, relationships, economic security, and health. Le galization would only increase the numbers of active addicts, and make marijuana readily available for them, and universe legal, consequently restraining family, friends, and the courts from restricting an addicts use before to much harm is done.The final claim made by NORML is a Respect for Rights of Others in which they attempt to justify the fact that if marijuana was legal, non users will have to deal with it. Again it is wishful thinking to see that users will have respect for the others who are not users, however while illegal we can see that many still cultivate marijuana, drive under the influence of it, and use it as socially as possible. A strict layout of parameters that must be followed with public and private use of the drug would be acceptable, however advocates for the cause prefer the vagueness, in which there are no absolute lines that can be drawn between legal and illegal use (ie. Driving, social events, age, etc.). The entire document is a rationalization and do es not seem to give a valid or true pretense to satisfy desires.The most relevant claim argued against in this paper is the claim that marijuana should be legal in a taxed and regulated manner. This claim by itself has the vagueness and ambiguity of a typical bill or legislation. It is this vagueness and ambiguity that encroach on the freedoms of citizens everyday. The fact is that marijuana is a drug, it was made illegal by the Federal Controlled Substance Act of 1970 to stop the violence and abuse that was common practice. We have seen in other countries failed attempts to regulate and tax drugs, like the Netherlands, and we have seen the damage drugs can have on society as a hole, like the dangerous drug cartels that rule Mexico. In evaluating this claim it is also important to consider the sources, one of the biggest supporters of marijuana legalization is Robert Lee.Lee is president of Oaksterdam University a school that teaches students how to cultivate, grow, process, and cur e marijuana ( 3 ). It would seem highly logical to acknowledge that this man is not interested in the social repercussions of legalization. His motive is clearly for the profit that can come from legalization. Legalization would drastically increase the amount of growers and interested parties in his school.Another strong voice in pro-legalization is the company S.K. Seymour LLC which is a Medical Cannabis Provider ( 3 ), who again would see a dramatic increase in profit and sales due to the fact that they can open up their business to the public, and not just medical marijuana patients. It seems that neither of the sources, from the research done, are interested in the negative and adverse affects of legalization and only interested in the lucrative value of legalization.It is also important to analyze the negative social effects of marijuana on society, most notably the economic affects and the medical effects. Recent proposition 19 in California stated that No person shall be pun ished, fined, discriminated against, or be denied any right or privilege for lawfully engaging in any conduct permitted by this Act or authorized pursuant to Section 11301 of this Act. Provided however, that the existing right of an employer to address consumption that actually impairs job performance by an employee shall not be affected. Basically stating that employers can no longer regulate marijuana use while working unless it can show that performance is being impaired by use ( 3 ).Proposition 19 also is in conflict with the Federal Controlled Substances Act of 1970 which prohibits the use of marijuana for recreational use. This would be a mistake by California due to the fact that the state would loose billions of federal dollars in the form of grants and aid called for by the Federal piece of work Act of 1988. Not only would government loose money but also schools and medical centers can potentially be affected ( 3 ). The health risks for marijuana usage are as noteworthy as the social repercussions.Marijuana is known to cause A-motivational syndrome, which is a depressed state of the brain in which reaction times and motivation is affected by long term use ( 3 ). Furthermore the gateway theory blames marijuana as the via media that leads an individual to try harder more harmful drugs. Lastly marijuana has been placed on the California Proposition 65 list of carcinogenic materials, as proved materials that cause cancer ( 3 ).In this paper I argued that the National Organization for the Reform of Marijuana Laws definitions and reasoning for a responsible legal user is flawed. Many of their arguments are invalid and lack sound reasoning to a conclusion. That the claim that marijuana should be legal and taxed is not a fully developed claim and that the sources of the claims motives are not sound in reasoning for legalization. Finally I argued that if marijuana is legalized it would be detrimental to society specifically regarding medical and economic pro blems. The arguments for legalization are not convincing and present many fallacies, Legalization supporters have the wrong idea of controlled use.

Biology Assignment, Types of Wounds and Quick Treatments

5 Types of Open Wounds Abrasion Abrasions are wounds ca utilise by traumatic scraping and loss of spit out. F all in alls occurring while in motion frequently lead to strip abrasions. Extensive skin loss may occur with high-speed motorcycle or similar accidents. Thorough groom and bandaging of abrasions involving small/limited skin loss should be done as first aid. Extensive or deep abrasions wait a bigger treatment, which, in the most severe cases, may include skin grafting (used to permanently replace damaged or missing skin or to give up a temporary wound covering). Lacerations Lacerations consist of cuts to the skin caused by sharp objects.Broken glass, knives, and other sharp tools are what commonly cause/started skin lacerations. In popular Simple Emergencies, thorough cleansing of a laceration wound is important in preventing wound infection. Adhesive strips, tissue adhesive, skin staples or stitches can be used to close a laceration wound. How to close a laceration wo unds depends on the location, shape, size and the severity of the wound. punctures Puncture wounds result from forceful, deep skin penetration by slender objects. accidentally stepping on a nail or other sharp object is a common cause of puncture wounds.Punctures wounds provided bacteria with an entryway into the deep layers of the skin where they can grow. The risk for tetanus, an infection caused by the bacterium Clostridium tentani, in simpler words meaning, infection from dirty metallic objects may provide health concern. Puncture wounds can be treated through cleansing and making sure you are up to date with your tetanus vaccination. Puncture wounds associated with animal, such as bees or most commonly dogs and human bites may require some medicine/antibiotic treatment because of the high risk infection to the bone and flesh.Animal bites may require rabies vaccination if the animal has rabies, or if their current status is unknown. Incision Rarely occurs, unless when handli ng knives, or bumping into something sharp, incision is almost like a whoreson except deeper and more serious. More like a cut in the skin caused by a sharp object such as a knife, broken glass, scissors or surgeons scalpel. Incision wounds are also neat (does not affect a large amount of area with little wounds) and the edges of the skin are usually smooth (not damaged, more like split)Avulsion An injury in which a body structure is forcibly detached. It most commonly refers to a rise trauma where all layers of the skin have been torn away exposing the underlying structures (e. g. subcutaneous tissue, muscle, tendons). This is similar to an abrasion but more severe, as body move such as an eyelid or an ear can be partially or fully detached from the body. (Simple form the forced removal of all of layers of the skin, the Epidermis, Dermis and Hypodermis, revealing tissues, muscles, tendons and sometimes bones underneath)

Ancient Greeks: Theatre as Competition and Ritual

Ancient Hellenics house as Competition and Ritual The ancient Greeks were the inventors of what is today known as theater. ascendent with religious ritual celebrations and competitions, they created an nontextual matter form which has been parent to the modern theater, as well as television and film. Although the origins of Greek theater are unknown, it is believed that it grew out of the dithyramb, songs and dances honoring Dionysus held at a fete called the Dionysia (Theater of Ancient Greece).Although these uninhibited songs and dances probably grew out of ritual celebrations, they eventually became more declare and symbolic, eventually evolving into the Greek theater (The Ancient Greek field of battle Page). Theater started as ritual fertility celebrations by the Cult of Dionysus in Athens. These rituals altered over time and became Spring ritual with theater at the concentrate on of the celebrations ( fun 30), although it is impossible to know how the rituals separated i nto comedy and tragedy (Greek Theatre).A lesser festival in honour of Dionysus, The Lenea, became another theater festival/competition center(a) through the fifth deoxycytidine monophosphate BC. The rules of the Lenea were different from those of the Dionysia. In the Lenea, there were only four tragedies, two from each of two playwrights, and five comedies from five playwrights (Greek and British Theatre). gibe to Aristotles Poetics, Greek tragedy came before satyr plays and comedies. Tragedy came out of the dithyrambs sung in praise of Dionysus at the Dionysia every year.By the 600s BC, the dithyramb was changed into a formalized narrative sung by a chorus (Greek Theatre). Tragedy lost its Dionysiac associations very early, and only sensation of the preserved plays, Bacchae by Euripides, has any Dionysiac content, namely the apologue of resistance to the introduction of Dionysuss cult to Thebes, and the gods revenge upon the city (Greek Tragedy). In the 500s BC, the poet, Thes pis of Attica, is credited with creating a new style in which an actor, called the protagonist, performed the characters speeches in the narrative, using masks to distinguish amongst the different characters.The actor spoke and acted as if he were the character, and he interacted with the chorus, who acted as narrators and commentators. Because of this, Thespis is considered the first Greek actor, and his style of drama became known as tragedy, which means laughingstock song, possibly referring to goats sacrificed to Dionysus before performances, or to goat-skins worn by the performers (Ancient Greek Theater) Aeschylus introduced the antagonist, and Sophocles introduced a third actor. Plays with more realism and dialogue were scripted by Euripedes and Aristophanes (Drama 30).Theatrical presentations had a religious element and attendance was practically compulsory. Because of this, the builders of Greek theaters had to provide enough space for large audiences . It is believed that the theatrical representations could have arisen from the substitution of an animal for a valet de chambre sacrifice and, eventually, the formula of the sacrifice was enacted ritualistically without the tangible sacrifice of the animal (The Greek Theatre). Plays were produced which could be seen as a formalistic representation of human sacrifice. An example of one of these representational plays is Oedipus the King by Sophocles.In the play, Oedipus becomes the embodiment of suffering and guilt, serving as a way of cleansing the spectators (The Greek Theatre). By the fifth century BC, the theater had become a major part of the culture of Athens. The most important element of the annual Dionysia celebration was the play competition in the midst of three playwrights at the Theater of Dionysus. These playwrights each submitted a trilogy of connected tragedies, along with a satyr play which dealt with the same subject matter as the trio of tragedies (Greek Theatre). The competitors were chosen by a government authority called the archon.Wealthy patrons, called choregos, financed the labors. The funding of the arts was a way of tax avoidance, so they were willing to do so. In return for funding a production, the choregos would pay no taxes that year (The Ancient Greek Theatre Page). These men paid for the production of each dramatists series, the chorus, and other production costs. The actors were paid by the state. The directors of the plays were usually the actual playwrights (Greek and British Theatre). Once many playwrights began writing plays for multiple actors and submitting plays for the Dionysia, competitions began to be held all over Greece.Prizes were given for the best of these and they were written down and saved (Greek and British Theatre). In the competitions, there were ten judges. These judges were taken from each of the Athenian tribes, divisions of the people made for administrative convenience, not actual tribes. Choosing the best new trage dy, which was the purpose for the competition, was taken very seriously. In 449 BC an award for the best leading actor in a tragedy was introduced (Greek and British Theatre). Revivals of popular plays was not allowed in Greek theater. This was to encourage new plays to be written.In fact, a special state decree was issued to allow the Aeschyluss plays to be performed aft(prenominal) he died. Until this, revivals had never happened. Revivals did begin to occur in the fourth century when touring companies began to perform in Attica, a rural area, and beyond (Greek Theatre). The ancient Greeks took their theater seriously. Beginning with religious ritual celebrations, the Greek theater evolved into the modern theater that we know today. Plays from those ancient competitions are known and performed all over the world. The Greeks contribution to the cultural and tasty development of the odern theater is incalculable. Works Cited Ancient Greek Theater. Greek Theater. 6 Oct 2008. . Gre ek and British Theatre The British Theatre Guide. 6 Oct 2008. Greek Theatre. Greek Theatre. 6 Oct 2008. . Greek Tragedy. Greek Tragedy. 6 Oct 2008.. The Ancient Greek Theatre Page. The Ancient Greek Drama and Theatre History Page. 30 Sep 2008. . Theatre of Ancient Greece. Ancient Greece. 30 Sep 2008. . The Greek Theatre. The Greek Theatre. 6 Oct 2008. The Theatre in Ancient Greece. Ancient Greece. 6 Oct 2008. When Did Theatre Begin? Drama 30. 6 Oct 2008..

Describe the character of Macbeth in detail Essay

Describe the character of Macbeth in detail, showing clearly in what modal value his character changes as a result of the action of the play. librate c arfully why you feel Macbeth is a tragic hero and whether you feel any sympathy for him.NOTES* Beginning honest noble valiant brave allegiant* End unlesscher non honest, loyal still brave and prepared to fight till his death at least well go out with harness on our spinal column he has become cruel and hardened I pass on almost forgotten the taste of precaution. He is corrupted by supply and greed* So What Changes Him? o Witches give him ideao Wife encourages him/builds on ideao Ambition/determination to be kingo Once he starts killing, he cant stop* Macbeth kills Macduffs family turning point for L. Macbeth she realises what she has turned her husband into.* He can no worn-out-out control his ambition and it takes control over his actions* In the very first scene when we meet the witches, we see that Macbeth is near connected to them, because they are talking somewhat him, reflexion they go away meet him and talk to him there to meet with Macbeth. However, this is strongly contrasted in the next scene when we hear Duncan talking favourably about Macbeth, saying that he fought bravely and is to be rewarded for his loyalty oh valiant cousin, worthwhile gentleman, they smack of honour both* Although it may seem from the start that Macbeth is weaker than his married woman, this is not evermore the case she never actually kills anyone she pull ins Macbeth to kill Duncan because she thinks Duncan looks like her father when he sleeps had he not resembled my father as he slept, I had take formt.* Glamis and Thane of Cawdor the great is behind. Here we see Macbeths own ambition before his wife has intervened. Also, before he talks to his wife, he considers the witches and if they are telling him the uprightness or if they are effective evil, and he also thinks about ways he could fulfil their prophecy, the murderer of Duncan being one of them my thought, whose murder is yet scarce fantastical.* Dramatic irony just as Duncan and Malcolm are talking about deceit and saying how theres no art to find the heads construction in the face, Macbeth enters. We pick out he is already deceiving people.* He starts to become evil when, in act 1 scene 4, he thinks about killing Malcolm. Here he starts to rhyme as well, like the witches, a sign of him changing stars hide your fireswhen it is done to see* When Macbeth and his wife are discussing Duncans murder, Macbeth is unsure about it we will speak further except his wife keeps encouraging him.Macbeth by William Shakespeare is a play about deceit, ambition and betrayal, in which some of the characters change dramatically because of the fast-moving action of the play. One of these characters is the plays tragic hero, Macbeth himself. Macbeth as we see him at the end of the play is barely placeable as the same man we m eet at the beginning he has turned from a loyal, noble man to a cruel and hardened blunder, driven mostly by his own ambition to become King. Because Macbeth is a true tragic hero and we can clearly see all his near qualities as well as his bad ones, we do feel some sympathy for him as well.This play is set in Scotland, where Macbeth is a gallant Thane who is recognised and rewarded by King Duncan for his heroic efforts in battle. However, Macbeth is given the idea by three witches that someday he himself will be King and, especially by and by speaking to his wife on the matter, he becomes determined to fulfil the witches prophecy and claim the throne of Scotland. Although, this is not easy and Macbeth resorts to murder and begins to kill anyone who might pattern a threat to him, and this eventually leads to his own death.From the very first scene, we see that Macbeth is somehow connected to the supernatural as the three witches speak of meeting Macbeth and talking with him the re to meet with Macbeth. However, this is contrasted is the next scene when we hear Duncan speaking favourably of Macbeth, saying that he fought bravely and is to be rewarded for his loyalty o valiant cousin, worth(predicate) gentleman, they smack of honour both (Macbeth and Banquo). Therefore, before we have even met Macbeth ourselves, we have a mixed opinion of him is he a valiant and worthy gentleman or does he have a darker side to him as the witches suggest?The answer to this question is that he has both qualities, but they each organize separately. During the course of the play, we see Macbeth quickly changing from a gentleman to a butcher.The first magazine we meet Macbeth is with the witches, and his first words so drop dead and fair a day echo the witches in the first act fair is foul and foul is fair. This gives the immediate impression that he is closely connected to them, and in his first soliloquy he is giving second thoughts to what the witches said about his future and he is clearly ambitious from the start Glamis, and Thane of Cawdor the greatest is behind.Although Macbeth is intellection about the witches words and already considering the possibility of murdering Duncan, he makes it clear he would never actually do it my thought, whose murder is yet but fantastical. In the next scene, Duncan and Malcolm talk about deceit and they say that there is no art to find the minds construction in the face, when, ironically, Macbeth walks in he is hiding his thoughts about the witches and we know he will be deceitful when he murders Duncan stars hide your fires,let not demoralize see my black and deep desires.Again, when talking to gentlewoman Macbeth, he is still unsure of the idea. She is trying to persuade him that Duncans death would be best but he still says we will speak further and he is worried about someone finding out what he will have done if we should fail, and it is easy to see that Macbeth is a nigh(a) and moral person.In Macbeth s first major soliloquy he weighs up both sides of the argument, thinking about how much Duncan trusts him and thinks he is a good man hes here in double trust. Macbeth knows that Duncan is also a good man, and a wonderful king, and it would not be right to kill the king simply because of his own greed, but his ambition to be king leads him on.Macbeth knows that people have golden opinions of him, and he likes being looked upon in such a way, and he does not really want to loose that he knows that he will if he carries out this murder, and these opinions would be cast aside so soon. However, Macbeth is now determined, although not as much as his wife, to become the King of Scotland and he says that the however thing leading him on is his ambition I have no spurbut only vaulting ambition.Just before, and after, Macbeth murders Duncan, he is at his weakest and feels very culpable. His imagination begins to play on him. In the moments leading up to the murder, his thoughts are filled with evil he imagines seeing a dagger cover in blood is this a dagger I see before meor art thou but a dagger of the mind, a insincere creation?, and he imagines actually killing Duncan I seegouts of blood. He thinks that nature seems dead and he thinks of wolfs, ghosts, and witches all symbols of evil. Once Macbeth has murdered Duncan, he still imagines things he claims to hear voices telling him that he will never sleep again sleep no more Macbeth does murder sleep and he cannot wash the blood stains off his march ons will all great Neptunes ocean wash this blood clean from my hand? No, to which his wife replies,a little water clears us of this deed (only to prove herself wrong later).When Duncan is discover dead by Macduff, Macbeth acts surprised and livid the wine of heart is drawn,thexpedition of my violent love outran the pauser, reason.However, this may not be just an act Macbeth could really be feeling that way, and he is angry with himself for what he has done when he sees other peoples reactions. Hence, Macbeth travels to Scone and is crowned King of Scotland.Even though Macbeth has achieved what he wanted to be king he does not stop killing. He fears Banquo knows that he killed Duncan, so Macbeth is now suspicious of Banquo, as Banquo is of him there is none but he, whose being I do fearTherefore, the only option Macbeth sees is to kill Banquo, so he arranges for three men to murder Banquo and his son, Fleance, on the night of a banquet. He tells them that he cannot murder Banquo himself because the risk of infection of being found out is too great certain friends that are both his and minewail his fall.This is the point at which we see a major change in Macbeths character he is still nervous and slightly afraid, but is now a little more positive(p) and he organised the murder by his own free will and without any help he did not need his wife to set it up or to assist him, whereas et the murder of Duncan it was she who organised everythin g. Lady Macbeth did not even have any knowledge of Banquos murder before it took place and she asks Macbeth what is to be done? and Macbeth tells her to be innocent of the knowledgetill thou applaud the deed.Macbeth is pleased to hear of Banquos death, but the news of Fleances evade troubles him then comes my fit againI am cabined, cribbed, confined. We can see that Macbeth does still have a conscience when he is at the banquet, as he sees the ghost of Banquo in the hall the graced person of Banquo preset and he talks to it thou canst not say I did it never shake thy gory locks at me so it is clear that Macbeth still has remorse for what he has done and he cannot hide it, despite his wife telling him to look like thinnocent flower, but be the serpent undert and he said himself that the false face must hide what the false heart doth know.Macbeth speaks to his wife alone after the banquet, and he says that he will visit the witches again and from now on he will kill anyone who might get in the way of him keeping the throne we are yet but young in the deed, so we can see Macbeth changing again, this time becoming more confident. This is the last time that he and his wife see each other.Macbeth goes to see the three witches again and his confidence is boosted even more. The witches plan, and succeed, to make Macbeth over-confident and this will be his down fall. They show him three apparitions, each telling him something the first is an armed head (which is actually his own) and it tells him to beware Macduff, the second is a child covered in blood (Macduff) who tells him no man born(p) of a woman shall harm Macbeth, and the third, a crowned child with a tree in its hand (Malcolm) tells him that Macbeth shall never be vanquished until Great Birnam Wood moves to Dunsinane hill. Finally, a procession of eight kings passes with Banquo following behind them. These apparitions, especially the second and third, make Macbeth more confident in himself and he thinks he cannot be killed by anyone.With his newfound confidence he vows to continue killing, as he cannot be stopped the very firstlings of my heart shall be the firstlings of my hand, and with the knowledge of Macduff travelling to England, Macbeth turns to murdering every other member of Macduffs family give to the edge othsword his wife, his babes, and all unfortunate souls.As Lady Macbeth grows weaker, Macbeth grows stronger. Lady Macbeth is now the one feeling guilty, and she begins sleepwalking and hearing foul whisprings, just as Macbeth was before. Macbeth heads into battle against the English army, knowing that his way of behavior is falln into the sere. He has now become hardened and does not care for much, except his wife when the doctor brings him news of Lady Macbeths illness, Macbeth asks him to make her better cure her of thatperilous stuff which weighs upon the heart, so we can clearly see that he still loves her and cares about her, and has not yet completely lost everyth ing that was good about him.Despite this, Macbeth is now a more cruel and, in a way, evil man and he says he has almost forgot the taste of fears, and he is not surprised to hear of his wifes death she would have died hereafter. He thinks about life and how it is a brief candle and now his life has lost its meaning, so he might as well die fighting lifes but a walking shadow, a poor playerthen is heard no moresignifying nothing. Macbeth knows he is going to die when he hears that Birnam wood is moving toward Dunsinane but still he is brave bear-like I must fight the course.Macbeth meets with Macduff outside the castle, where he learns that Macduff was not born of a woman and he can kill him. Now Macbeth knows for sure that he will die there and then and he could have just let Macduff kill him, but he decided to fight bravely till his death at least well die with harness on our back.Macbeth is truly a tragic hero as he had many of the qualities needed to be king he was a good ma n noble, brave, loyal, feel for and loving toward his wife, and he never lost the will to fight bravely, no matter what the outcome may be. However, he changed in a very curt space of time to become cruel and hardened, influenced, first by the witches, then by his wife. Because of this, we do feel sympathy for him because he was good man who was changed by supernatural beings, but also partly by his own ambition. This is a tragic tale of how ambition can tarnish a person and make their life seem pointless, or as Macbeth saidLifes but a walking shadow, a poor playerThat struts and frets his hour upon the pegAnd then is heard no more. It is a taleTold by an idiot, full of sound and furySignifying nothing.

Disadvantages of Phenotypic Methodologies

To survive with, phe nonype is defined as the visible characteristics of an organism resulting from the interaction between its genetic makeup and the environment(Encarta 2008). Phenotypic rule actingology has many advantages and disadvantages and this essay talks about the dis advantages . The fact that most laboratories can do an automatic deoxyribonucleic acid makes genotyping testing more addressable than phenotyping. First and foremost the test is not usually readily available and accessible making the time for the outcome of the result to be prolonged and inevitably long.Phenotypic methods for most drugs does not have clinically significant cut off to differentiate sensitive and large-minded isolates and this has not been represented for most of the drugs. From the first principle, genotyping is less complex, faster, and less expensive than phenotyping. Another disadvantage is that certain changes in foeman mutation detected by genotyping atomic number 18 not sometim es detected by phenotyping. Such changes cleverness be the prime step in the path to high-level ohmic shelter, and detection of these mutations might stimulate a change in therapy in a patient with detectable plasma viremia.Therefore phenotypic methodologies whitethorn not be able to determine a minute shifts in the susceptibility that follows the existence of only superstar or more mutation which may lead to decreased drug effect. A good lesson is the 74V and 90M mutation in the sequinavir and didanosine respectively. Phenotypic method is applied to differentiate isolates based on the phenotypic appearances which are a corollary of genetic composition.The method has a low discriminating range within same species and then has been applied only within same variety of organisms. Numerous phenotypic methodologies have been suggested for use in discriminating among various groups of bacteria. These include biochemical tests (Olsen etal 1992)), phage susceptibility (Zierdlt etal 19 80)), outer membrane protein profiles (Barekam etal 1981), antibody reactivity (Valsalovic etal 1994), fimbriation (Latham and Stamm 1984), bacteriocin end product and susceptibility, and other methods.However, these systems have serious disadvantages, including unstable phenotypes, low sensitivity at the intraspecies level, and limited specificity. However, a few phenotypic methods have been used successfully as bacterial source tracking (BST) methodologies. Phenotyping that is pendant on the biochemical properties could be expensive and waste a lot of time . In this method the basal metabolic rate of the organism is greatly affected by the growth parameters and conditions.Some variables used in the biochemical approach can also give rise to false discrimination. A good voice is the L monocytogen which did not provide a coherent and reliable outcome making the use of disinfectant susceptibility not to be encouraged while dealing with these bacteria. Phenotypic characteristics are not usually reproducible as they are manifestation of genetic expression and this is affected largely by the rife growth parameters.Phenotypic methodology despite advantages is not without its own limitation and setbacks as it is difficult under this method to determine and establish clinically remarkable value for the prediction of the virology response. It also has a notable bother of handling making it limited. It solely depends on the specific specimen storage, conveyance method and preparation. When specimen are improperly handled this may lead to false positive and negative data interpretation results.The DNA from computer virus while use the method can be desecrated from unprofessional handling in the laboratory. It essential be noted that both the genotypic and phenotypic approaches study and examine the most important viral quasispecies. Another disadvantage of phenotypic methodology is that in case of a virus that the proof of its resistance to drug has been establ ished and that has been selected by previous treatments with drugs or has been acquired by initial transmission ,if another resistant strain of such virus develop again, it may not be detected by this method.Furthermore, when dealing with the Human immunodeficiency virus for example, any collected sample with copy of the virus less than 500 ribonucleic acid more often than not will not generate results. In other words, the method is not sensitive to a minor variant case. The phenotype method also relies on the replication of the amplified gene sequences using the polymerase chain reaction and as such the possibility of cross contamination is highly plausible and this may occur with or without appropriate technique and carefulness.It is therefore advised for this reason that an outcome that does not harmonise with the present clinical state or previous treatment of patient is an indication for repeating the resistance test. In conclusion, phenotypic method has several disadvantages in that it is highly variable, due to environmental factors that lead to conversion in gene expression, it has poor reproducibility and the discriminatory power is unsatisfactory. It may also falsely companion unrelated isolates and conversely when only a tiny and narrow framework of biochemical tests are used.

Point of View in ‘Little Things’ by Raymond Carver

Raymonds Little Things is a rattling short barely interesting story that draws our attention to the problems bring togethers may face in their marital life. It narrates an incidence of a enmity between a husband and a wife that escalates to the point that it reaches the child and the couple is portrayed fighting for the possession of the baby. Now each parent is pulling on an arm causing him symbolic fleshly injuryhe felt the baby slipping out of his hands and he pulled back very hard.From a narrative point of view, Raymond Carver uses in this story a third soulfulness storyteller an objective narrator, who relates information that is easily visible. The narrator in fact remains outside the actions of the story, ostensibly neutral . I mean characters stand out more in the story rather than the narrator describes their occurrences. The narrator canfulnot tell us about the characters thoughts or feelings(through the whole story there is no express description of feelings o r thoughts, but only actions are reported to us).This is in fact like a camera eye, just like watching a movie where the only information you get is what you can see or hear. It is quite important as well to notice here that there is no moving backward or forward of actions or thoughts as the narrator consciously chooses not to swipe his voice. The only voices we hear in this part of the story are the voices of the characters.Not bearing in mind of die hard the first paragraph of the original story where the narrators voice is raised to make symbolic comments on his characters moral dilemma, like saying for instance But it was getting trace on the inside too, it is not surprising, that Carver enshrouds their violence in darkness, as their struggle threatens , well-nigh important, to tear the infant apart. It is through the unraised voice, indeed, that we are told a lot about situations that many spate can find themselves in( and Carver himself was one of them).We are invited in Little Things to create and develop our testify rationale for the actions of the characters and the consequent results, for a big part of the narrative may take place to a lower place the surface. It is from beneath the surface, indeed ,that Carver creates a powerful sense in us of mans lack of communication ,and exhibition of selfishness, of the harm couples can cause to their children in such an unfortunate situation , and of Carvers suggestion that a warm and emotional argument between a couple will quickly reach a logical and peaceful end..Surely not our characters end where the issue was refractory . We do not know in fact which issue was decided, is it the separation itself? , the babys injury? , or even his death? .We surely know, however, it is akin to the pure snow , melting into dirty peeing, as mentioned in the beginning of the story.

Erikson’s Psychosocial Development

Erik Erikson outlines eight stages in the psychosocial increment of a healthy human being, in which the stages are characterized by conflicts. The ego is at the center of in all these developments (Wagner, 2005). Infancy This stage is from birth up to 18 months. During this time, the minors ego develops trust and the central figure in his universe is his mother. How he trusts or mistrusts those around him will depend on his maternal affinity. The nestlings experience at this stage could help mold how he will interact with people in his adult life.In the scene Psycho (1960), Norman only had his mother since birth. They were very close that he considers her his only friend. Norman was non weaned from his dependence that he carried it all throughout his adulthood. When his parent found a new lover, it do Norman so jealous that he killed her. He resolved his guilt by keeping his mothers form in the house. Muscular-Anal The second stage in the psychosocial development is from 18 months to three historic period. At this point of a childs development, Erikson explains that there is a growing sense of independence that is being experienced by the child.Its important for parents to empathise the childs need for support because it would tell him that you are there to help develop his capabilities. There would be invariable conflict if the parent wont learn to give in to the child. The child experiences conflicting feelings of maiden and doubt at this point. Psychosocial teaching 2 The movie Baby Geniuses, shows a bunch of toddlers who are being kept in a lab so that researchers would understand a universal secret. However, the toddler Sly is showing dour his independence by wanting to escape from the lab, and to which he actually succeeds.His escape is just the start of a series of antics that toddlers have to do in order to stop the designs of an evil scientist. shimmer Age The child at this point, from three to six days old, is already learning basic s kills and how to master the things around him. The child displays endeavor and the courage to complete tasks. He also shows the capacity to make decisions for himself. At the same time, he may also feel guilty if he is unable to complete something that he wants to do. When the result of his initiative is negative, this may make the child uneasy and resort to displaying aggressiveness or inhibition.The parents mustiness respite the initiative and guilt by giving the child tasks that are appropriate for his age. In the movie 300, Spartans shun deformities and anything that is not perfect in their eyes. As a young boy, Leonides was already trained to prepare himself to be have sex king. Play for them involves fighting and brawling. Early on, he already knew that he must achieve certain tasks to prove his worth. He needed to survive being out in the wilds with only himself to depend on. Leonides was able to overcome the tests and he re false to Sparta as a man. School AgeIn the schoo l age, from seven to 10 years old, a child has to image balance between doing too much and doing too little. If a child does too many convoluted tasks, he forgets to have fun like Psychosocial Development 3 other children. But when he gets to do very little, the chance for success is slim. This could result to inferiority. Adults around the child must strike a balance between industry and inferiority in order to mold the child into a competent individual. Without the right(a) balance, the child will grow up feeling inferior to his peers in terms of social skills.John Nash, the mental capacity from the movie A Beautiful Mind, fills from inferiority complex as a result of his being aloof during the school age. He preferred academic tasks rather than being with other kids his age. He was always alone. As a result, Nash didnt know how to be close to other people. Nash was not able to resolve the conflict on his own. He talked about his fears and frustrations concerning the opposite sex to his roommate. Adolescence Between 10 and 17 years of age, an young is sensible of how others look at him.It is important that at this stage the adolescent is reassured of his worth as a mortal. An adolescent who receives good familial support will often behave better among his peers. This is the point when the adolescent will be aware of his sexual identity. The adolescent either develops his own identity or be confused about it. The movie Boys Dont Cry, is the story of Brandon Teena who was born a fe male but chose to become male in high school. This identity change was the result of a sexual assault that Brandon experienced at the hand of a male relative.No one, except his mother, knew that Brandon was female. He dated several girls in high school. Psychosocial Development 4 Young Adulthood The young adult stage, according to Erikson, is between 18 to 40 years old. This is the point where the adult chooses between intimacy or isolation. At the early part of this stage, the psyche is enkindle in friendships and blending his identity with those of his friends. Later on, the young adult becomes ready for an intimate and close relationship with some other individual.At the same time, the young adult must understand and not fear isolation because this would come handy in later years. Rejection, break-ups and being alone are things that a young adult must be able to handle. Andy Stitzer, a typical nerd in the movie A Forty form Old Virgin, is a man who understands being alone. He has never been in an intimate relationship with another person. He was finally convinced to become intimate with a girl by his friends. This leads to Andy welcoming more(prenominal) people in his life and gaining new friends and acquaintances. Middle AdulthoodThe middle adulthood stage comes when a person reaches 40 years old and ends at 65 years old. At this point, the person is either determined by the need to become a guide to the younger generation or be self-satisfi ed and let the years keep him in stagnation. Tony Starks, or the Iron Man, is a 40 something arms shaper who had a change of heart after his captivity. He became engaged in correcting the mistakes he made in the past to preserve the world for the future generations. Instead of making arms to increase his wealth, he turned into a superhero to save those in need.Psychosocial Development 5 Late Adulthood From 65 years onwards, the person enters the late adulthood phase. During these years, the person looks back on the past years and evaluates the kind of life he lived. From this, the person will either feel that he has live a life of integrity, or he will be in despair (Clifton & Davis, 1995) . If there is gladness for the good times, acceptance for what could not be, and lenience for mistakes, then the person will be at peace and become prepared for whatever the years are yet to bring.But for the person who does not learn to accept and forgive, he has a tendency to suffer depression . Edward cole, a billionaire in the movie Bucketlist, had lived a life of eccentricity and isolation. But after he was diagnosed with cancer in his later years, Cole became friends with another cancer patient Carter Chambers. The two embarked on a life-changing journey, which turned Cole into a better person. By accepting his mistakes and doing something about them, Cole was able to enjoy the last of his days, spare from guilt and other burdens. ReferencesChild Development Institute, LLC. Stages of Social-Emotional Development In Children and Teenagers. Retrieved imperious 24, 2008, from http//www. childdevelopmentinfo. com/development/erickson. shtml Clifton, A. , & Davis, D. (1995). Psychosocial Theory Erikson. Haverford Home Page. Retrieved August 24, 2008, from http//www. haverford. edu/psych/ddavis/p109g/erikson. stages. html Wagner, K. V. (2005). Eriksons Stages of Psychosocial Development. About. com Psychology. Retrieved August 24, 2008, from http//psychology. about. com/ od/theoriesofpersonality/a/psychosocial_3. htm

Elizabeth Austin Response

A Small Plea to withdraw a Ubiquitous Expletive Response In this essay, Elizabeth capital of Texas describes her feelings about the F word. She gives a lucubrate explanation on why it should not be loving functiond in the colloquial language. Austin commencement exercise gives background knowledge about the F word and how it came to be as the word it is used now. Austins thesis is that the F word should not be used in any trustworthy way. Austin first states that the word should be deleted from our use, but before that we must reverse the people who use the word. Lets subscribe rid of it.Scholars of social norms say all thats necessary to remove offensive language from public speech is a critical mass of people uncoerced to manage up cudgels against it. (Austin 6). There are tons of people who use the word and are not willing to get rid of it because they are so used to it. It is one of their words for colloquial language. Austin thus describes how women went through diff erent kind of words that described them. Produce and animals is what we were, she recalls. We were chicks and lambs and birds and bitches, and there was always the infamous blood-red (Austin 6).She relates this to women because women were able to change the social norm of being called different things. Austin shows that since women can change the social norm, then society can get rid of the F word. Austin continues with the ways we can get rid of the language. Police should start ticketing drivers who use the F word (or the correlating hand gesture)The Motion Picture necktie of America movie rating system should be overhauled to give an automatic NC-17 rating to any ikon that uses the F word even once. (Austin 8-9). Instead of just spreading the word, Austin thinks that we should take it into action. Actions are larger than words. In the end, Austin concludes that we should reconsider using the word at all. You can still use it as a punch line, if you like. Youll just risk the f reezing silence and icy glares now reserved for albumen people who use the N word in public. (Austin 12). The reason why she says this is to make the readers feel warned or cautious about using it because it offends others around you.

Apush Dbq American Revolution

Though some may try to beg that the American change was non a real revolution since the upper class was not dis put, it was in fact a revolution because it transferred ply from an entrenched British monarchy into the hands of local state legislatures. The American Revolution was representative of a great change which occurred in the way that in Britain, parliament viewed Americans as a small cluster of people who could be taxed with step up representation, to where in America the government was adequate to fall upon how each individual could contribute to the economy, government, and the overall well-being of America.This idea came about from the increasingly more jolting and authoritarian taxes that were being placed on the colonies, without representation, from British monarchy. In reaction to the Tea Act, one of the taxes placed on imported goods to America, the New York Sons of Liberty wrote several resolutions to protest against it.These resolutions were signed by all va riant social classes, which signifies a change in society, because while in Britain only the wealthy and educated were permitted to enrol in governmental choices, a very broad spectrum of society was equal to be an active participant in how they wanted their government to be run. Although the lower class was not necessarily in congress, their ideas were able to represented by the people that they elected to express their ideas.Some who wish to argue the idea that the American Revolution was not a full revolution may bring into light the women of the revolution, and how there was not a huge change for them. Even though their was not an extremely significant change for them, American women were minded(p) a multitude of rights that were not given to women in Britain at the time. The women of America were able to go out to war with the men to protect them, and at times even take their place when a slice was wounded and could not fulfill his duties on the battlefield.Additionally, t hey were often left in charge of the business and upholding of the home base when their husbands went out to war. In summation, American women played many roles that were not typical of them in that time closure showing a revolutionary new way of thinking that involved women. After the surrender at Yorktown, a cartoon by James Gillray was made as a warning to the British that since they were able to defeat the British once, they could do it again should they try to overtake America and their freedoms again.While this act in itself was not a revolution, it was representative of the revolutionary ideas in the works of the United States of America. The American Revolution was the transference of power from a monarchial government to that of a representative democracy that was able to reflect the ideas and desires of all free fair men of America indicating that it was in actuality a revolution and not an expeditious rebellion.

In-N-Out Burger Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

In-N-Out Burger - Coursework ExampleFor instance, their burgers were noted to be coulomb% pure beef without any preservatives, additives, or even fillers (Kotler & Armstrong, 2014). Likewise, case facts also revealed that In-N-Out makes sure that the patties being employ for their burgers were never frozen. This was noted to be made possible since they reportedly own patty-making commisaries.In addition, all ingredients argon natural potatoes for their french fries, and real ice cream for the milkshakes. As a result, the customers who patronize In-N-Out stores are not only satisfied, but delighted to eat these products. In fact, many of the customers were revealed to queue for long hours just to receipts of their products, especially when a new outlet was reported to be launched in an identified state.Aside from the products which evidently exhibit high quality in value perception to the customers, the manner by which their personnel furnish customer service has been pegged as e xemplary. As noted, the employees of In-N-Out are well trained to deliver unexpectedly hail-fellow-well-met service (Kotler & Armstrong, 2014, p. 33). The acquisition, maintenance and development functions performed by In-N-Out management enable the employees to be satisfied and motivated to perform, as expected. It was revealed that the compensation for new part-time staff was $10 per hour and was accorded opportunities for regular pay increases (Kotler & Armstrong, 2014). Aside from paying vacations for part time employees and managers, the latter were stipulated to receive more that $100,000 per annum, in conjunction to bonuses and were promoted through and through the ranks. It was therefore famed to mention that In-N-Out acknowledges that happy, motivated employees help create loyal, satisfied customers (Kotler & Armstrong, 2014, p. 34).Finally, the slow growth expansion strategy of In-N-Out through establishing stores in strategic locations only when there are trained manage ment and